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So you’ve just picked up your first SLR (Single Lens Reflex) camera. You’ve read the manual and surfed the web, and now you’re ready to start taking photos you’ll be proud to display on your wall.  Right?  Sure! But before you take off with camera in hand, take a moment to read over these five tips so you can help your images go from great to fabulous.

1.  Dump the Flash

While it’s true that professional photographers often do use a flash or complicated light rigs, you shouldn’t need a flash in most lighting conditions. Subjects shot without a flash often look more natural, and you’ll get much greater detail and depth by using natural light. Additionally, ditching the flash for the first week or so will make you intimately familiar with how your camera works with light – an invaluable skill for the beginning photographer.

2.   Turn Off Auto Focus

There’s no arguing that a camera that auto-focuses is infinitely handy and easy to use. However, focusing on the fly is an important tool in any photographer’s toolbox. Since cameras don’t understand your intent, it’s up to you to make sure you’re focused on the right thing at the right moment. It’s amazing how interesting an image can be when you let the focus be out of the direct center of the frame, so don’t forget to set your camera to manual from time to time.

3.  Take a Photo Class

You can buy all the books in the world and browse the internet for days, but the absolute best way to learn about photography is in a hands on environment. Find a class at a local college or adult school and see how understanding the basics will improve your photos for the better. As a bonus, your photo teacher will likely give you assignments based on individual elements of photography that you probably never considered.

4.  Say Farewell to Color

Before you dive into color, buy a few rolls of T-Max 400 (great B&W film) and see if taking it back to the basics changes your interpretation of the world around you. You’ll know it’s time to upgrade to color when you can shoot and print a black and white image that has pure black, pure white, and every shade in between. Taking photos in black and white will force your mind to think less about the “image” and more about the importance of how light interacts with the objects in the frame.

5.  Shoot, Shoot, Shoot

This may seem obvious, but if you’re interested in becoming a “great” photographer, you’ll need to shoot lots and lots of photos. The more you shoot, the better you’ll get. Photography is often as much about timing and luck as it is skill and equipment. Even “great” photographers only average 3-4 good photos at a time, so don’t worry about taking a lot of images. It’s far worse to miss a photo opportunity than to take too many pictures!

There is no great secret to being an amazing photographer. The more you challenge yourself, the better you’ll become. If you start with a firm understanding of how your camera works and what it takes to make a good photograph, the rest will come in time. Your camera will never change, only your ability to manipulate it. So keep your SLR close and extra film or memory card on hand. Never be afraid to experiment with new ideas! And remember: The most important photograph in the world is the one you are about to take. And once you have that fantastic image, don’t forget to share it by framing it on your wall.

Cameras have lots of little knobs, dials and meters. If you stare at your camera long enough, you’ll be amazed at how many ways you can adjust your camera and change how your pictures look. But did you know that one of the most critical decisions you can make when preparing to shoot happens before you even load your film?

The speed of your film is one of the unchangeable qualities of a picture. There are plenty of ways to toy with aperture, exposure, and focus. However, once you select your film and load it into the camera, there is no way to change how the film reacts to light. In every photograph you ever shoot with real film, you are adapting to the film speed. Film doesn’t automatically change to suit your needs, so it’s important to choose the right film before you start taking pictures.

ISO and You
Film speed measures how sensitive your film is to light. Low film speeds mean that the film is less sensitive and needs a longer exposure while high speeds are very sensitive and need shorter exposures. The speed of a film is commonly known as its ISO. Any film will have the ISO listed on the box. Some common speeds are 400, 800 and 1000 with 400 being the closest to “standard.”

The ISO of your film affects every aspect of the way your camera works. Your light sensor (if you have one) has to be set correctly for the film you’re using, your aperture will be more or less limited depending, and your shutter speed will likely have to decrease or increase to accommodate the film. Even digital cameras use a simulated (and adjustable) “film” speed that they base their calculations on.

Selecting the Right Speed
The ISO of your film decides what you are capable of photographing, and how. Because high-speed film (ISO 800 or above is a good general rule) requires less time to expose, you can shoot images with much higher shutter speeds than with a slower film. The end result here will be crystal clear action; fast film is wonderful for shooting sports or anything that moves quickly. When you see a photograph of a basketball player suspended in midair, you can bet that image was shot on high-speed film. With a slower ISO, the player in the picture would likely be a big blur. Faster film also needs less light and can be super helpful in situations where a flash isn’t appropriate indoors.

Lower speed film captures more detail because it has more time to absorb light. It’s important to keep the words “detail” and “blurry” separate- more “detail” in a picture is similar to a high definition TV having more “detail” than a regular television- more of what was originally there will be seen in a photo. The more time the film can “see” a scene, the more accurately the scene will be represented. Lower speed films are great for portrait photography or images in which you wish to show great depth of field.

Film Speed Experiments to Try
To get a good handle on how ISO works and what it does to your images, here are a couple of things to try out the next time you’re planning a shooting day:

• Get rid of your flash (if you have one) and take some fast film into a low light environment
• Swing by a local high school, college, or little league game and try shooting (with permission) two rolls of film – one very slow (ISO 100) and one very fast (ISO 1000) – then have a look at how different the images turned out

Film speed is one of those great things to play with when you’re pretty comfortable with your camera and you’re looking for new ways to challenge your perceptions. Each speed has strengths and weaknesses, and it’s up to you to decide which one works for you. Now it’s time to take some pictures you’ll be proud to hang on your wall!

Ever since the introduction of the digital camera, a war has raged within the photography community. There are those that would claim 35mm film is the one true “professional” media, and digital its casual, amateur counterpart. Conversely as costs go down and quality increases, there is an ever expanding group of professional photographers who shoot only in digital. So what’s a consumer to think? Is 35mm still the way to go, or is it time to trade up for a new digital model? It’s time to break each format down and seal this deal, once and for all.

Digital:  Amateur?
It is true that there are many digital cameras on the market, and like their 35mm counterparts there is an endless supply of variables that can impact the images each one is capable of producing. Image quality (in terms of depth of field and color contrast) has always been a major concern for those that choose digital and is still one of the most common excuses heard from the opposition. Add to this the fact that finding a digital camera that could match the sheer raw data contained in a photograph on film was both arduous and incredibly expensive, and the 35mm enthusiast has a fairly solid argument.

Fortunately for the consumer, the price of an high quality digital camera has dropped sharply in the last few years. Canon’s popular “Digital Rebel” line of SLRs has given people an affordable (under ,000) entry-level camera that produces near professional results. And since Canon isn’t the only camera company, it’s a safe bet that consumers can look forward to even better cameras at lower prices in the near future.

35mm: Is it Antiquated?
In these modern times, why even use film at all? It’s certainly no secret that film has an unforgiving and often expensive learning curve, and recent trends show professionals leaning heavily on digital for precisely those reasons. After all, when shooting a big event like a Super Bowl, would it be better to have the potential for thousands of shots, or just the film in the bag? Sports photographers answered that question by taking over 10,000 digital images in a single Super Bowl game.

However, just as some music enthusiasts claim that everything sounds better on a record, there are still photographers who think that nothing compares to a fresh roll of film. In fact, developing film manually and printing photos in a darkroom is for some one of the most rewarding photographic experiences a photographer can have. Sure, photos can be endlessly edited and re-edited using fancy tools like Adobe Photoshop, but clicking a mouse is just very different than the tactile sensations of the darkroom. And of course, having someone else print up a roll of film only takes an hour or so.

And the Winner is…
Neither! Based on the accessibility of technology and the vast educational resources devoted to the topic, there’s really no defining point that wins this battle one way or the other. As with many debates, the winner here is going to be entirely up to the needs and desires of the individual. Families wanting to take pictures and share their memories on the fly often choose digital due to its instant gratification and convenience, while others like having photo prints to display them in a picture frame or album. Thanks to powerful yet affordable innovations in digital and the classic, do-it-yourself familiarity of film, the choice is now directly in the hands of the consumer- right where it belongs.

These days cameras are everywhere. Whether it’s a tiny digital camera you keep in your pocket or a medium format monstrosity you use for a hobby, cameras have become an important part of human life. With that in mind, let’s take a trip down memory lane and talk a bit about where modern photography came from and what it has meant to our civilization.

One of the most amazing aspects about photography is how much we depend upon them to record our history and tell a story, considering the fact that photography is still relatively new. The first permanent photo was created as recently as 1825 using pewter plates and a substance called “bitumen,” and later photographs were printed on glass. Paper didn’t actually become common until around 1888 thanks to the innovations of George Eastman.

In 1901, the Kodak Brownie camera was introduced to the public. This was the first time that photography was so easily accessible to the public in regards to cost and ease of use. It was during this period of time that film developing really took off as an industry. It is incredible to think that something like dropping film off to be developed, which we do without a thought, was a foreign and new concept just 100 years ago. The modern SLR camera has only been around for about 80 years and during that timeframe it’s construction hasn’t changed much.

While black and white photography hasn’t change much since the early 1900’s, color film on the other hand, has had a dramatic shift over this period of time. Though color photography had always been a concept chased by early photographers, color film and printing did not become widely accessible until well into the 20th century. Kodak’s “Kodachrome” was introduced around 1935, but it would be a while before color film became the norm. One interesting thing about color film advancement is looking at how black and white film is still in wide use despite the introduction of color photographs; how many people do you know that still have a black and white television?

Of course, no discussion of photo history would be complete without discussing the digital revolution. This technology, which is part of our everyday lives, has only been used for about 15 years. The first “megapixel” sensor wasn’t even developed until 1986, and now it’s one of the most common words of our technological vocabulary. Though digital photography hasn’t changed much about the way we take pictures (point and shoot), it has had an immeasurable impact on our ability to share our photographs with the world.

Photography is the way in which we document our lives and frame them for all to see. A picture can be as simple as remembering a birthday party or as important as increasing awareness about a conflict on the other side of the world. They help add emotion and weight to the words of reporters as well as preserve our living history for generations to come. Every picture we take is living proof of human achievements, relationships, strengths, and weaknesses.

Shooting with a camera and adjusting the settings manually can be an intimidating task to the new photographer. Veterans of the craft will no doubt remember the first roll of film they ruined by reading the light wrong, or the irreplaceable moments in time lost behind a lens cap. As a photographer, our job is to be the conductor of a symphony of moving components, gently influencing each element to ensure that the end result is more than just the sum of the parts.

Without understanding each element of photography, it’s impossible to know how they relate as a whole. So let’s begin our trip into the inner-workings of photographs with one of the most unfamiliar topics:  Aperture.

Defining Aperture
Aperture is simply what controls the amount of light exposed on the film or your digital camera’s sensor. It can be opened and closed using the F-Stop on your camera, which is usually a ring located around the lens in between the focus ring and the body of the camera. If you’ve ever looked into someone’s eye as light was shone into it and watched the pupil get smaller, this is how the aperture works too.

Most cameras have an f stop range of 1.7/2.0 to 22 with the range of values usually increasing with the quality and cost of the camera. You can see your camera’s range by looking at the numbers around your lens. Lower F-Stops are more open and expose the film to more light, while high F-Stops close the aperture and shut the light out.

How Aperture Impacts Images
Using your F-Stop to purposefully manipulate the aperture of your camera will allow you to change the depth of field shown in your photographs. If you’re unfamiliar with the term “depth of field” it describes how much of your picture is sharp and how much is blurry. Aperture directly affects the amount of time a frame is exposed. And, the more time the film has to absorb light, the more clarity and depth will come through the final image.

For example, if you were to take a picture of a line of dominos from one end using a low F Stop number (an open aperture) you would likely see one or two dominos clearly and the other dominos as blurry. Open apertures create a very shallow depth of field. If you were to then take the same photograph with a high F-Stop (a closed aperture), you would see many more dominos clearly down the line and get a much greater sense of how far away they might be.

Fun Aperture Experiments
Playing with the aperture on your camera can be great fun once you have a bearing on what it does.  Here’s a couple of ideas to try the next time you’re out shooting and you want to test it out:

• Take every photograph twice – once at a high F-Stop, and once at a low F-Stop.
• Challenge yourself to take an entire roll at one F Stop and then switch it up.
• Put your camera on full manual and adjust the F-Stop on the fly to adjust for light

Don’t forget to adjust the shutter speed of your camera to allow for more or less light (faster speeds for more light, slower speeds for less), or you may end up with overexposed or underexposed images. Many digital cameras have a fantastic option called “Aperture Priority Mode” which allows you to choose an F-Stop value and will then adjust your shutter speed automatically. It is worth noting that the best conditions for experimenting with aperture are cloudy or overcast days. When faced with bright or low light, your options for F-Stop values will become limited.

Of course, the best way to improve your images is to take a lot of photos. Now it’s time to get out there and have fun taking and sharing your pictures!

So you’re interested in learning photography – congratulations! Photography is a fascinating, practical hobby as well as an exciting career choice. Learning photography takes a little bit of patience but in the end it’s all worth it. Let’s begin with benefits of why you should learn photography:

• The ability to record special events like a child’s birthday or the family’s vacations with clear, focused well composed photographs.
• Never missing another “Kodak moment” while looking for the correct button or dial to push on your camera.
• Taking beautiful photographs that you and your loved ones proudly frame and display.
• Communicating through the use of images. A picture really is worth a thousand words! You can catch a look that says it all. Or as we’ve seen in countless magazines like Time and National Geographic, you can take pictures that educate and enlighten on just about any topic. You don’t have to be a professional photographer in order to take some great pictures.
• The ability to take a portrait in a home or outdoor setting that lets you capture the beauty of a loved one and make them want to see the portrait framed on a wall instead of sitting on the bottom of a box.
• Excitement! With a good telephoto lens you can take exciting images of wildlife and weather phenomena while still being a safe distance away. Imagine your friends reactions when they see these amazing photos you took framed on your walls.
• Fun! It’s fun taking pictures of people and special things we love. It’s even more fun to take pictures after learning just a few skills!
• Fame and Fortune! Many a photographer has gone on to win awards and make money be selling their images online. Others photographers sell downloads at photo sites like iStock. Some take pet pictures of their friends pets and get their business started from there. Others become wedding photographers or get jobs working as commercial or portrait photographers.

You may have even thought of some benefits that weren’t listed here. As mentioned the rewards of taking pictures are numerous. To get started taking pictures, all you need is a good (not expensive) camera and a few basic skills and you’ll be well on your way.

While you can’t obviously learn everything in one photo article, this article gives you five basic tips to start using right away. Whether you have a point and shoot camera or are the proud owner of an SLR, there are a few basic concepts that once understood will get you on your way towards taking excellent photos. Here are five important and easy to use tips that you can start using right away.

1) Resolve to Have Enough Resolution

Although a low resolution setting saves space on your memory card, it doesn’t make suitable prints. You can easily resize for a smaller picture, even in free programs like Picasa (”resize” is hidden there under “export”), but making a picture larger usually brings awful results. When you enlarge the picture, the pixels that make up the image are spread thinner.

If you plan to print your pictures, choose medium or high resolution. Depending on your camera, 3 megapixels should give you high quality 4×6 images and sometimes even a very nice 8×10. For excellent quality 11×14’s go for 6 megapixels.

2) Let There be Light (but Make it the Right Kind)

Natural lighting is usually best, so don’t worry if you don’t have a fancy flash and reflectors. If your only flash is built-in, that’s even more reason why you should use natural light. Built in flashes can make a subject look flat. That’s why the pros use an external flash and bounce light off the umbrellas. There are tricks you can use like wearing a white shirt or taping foil to the camera to bounce the light off the ceiling, but if you want an easy way to get professional quality photos without the equipment, go outdoors.

When taking pictures outdoors, consider the position of the sun. With the exception of sunrise and dawn, the lower the sun is in the sky the better. Noon brings the harshest shadows. Unless the sky is an important part of your picture, bright overcast produces the best light.

3) Compose a Perfect Picture

Getting a fast snapshot of something without any thought mostly depends upon luck. But by first learning how to compose a photo, you will end up with more pictures that look good and are suitable for framing. The photos you take will look more like what you pictured when you clicked the shutter release.

There is a lot to learn about photo composition, but for starters, here is the number one rule. Fill the frame. Decide on what the most important subject in your photo is and move close enough or zoom (optical zoom is best) to fill the viewfinder with the subject. For example, if the subject is your mother watering her roses then she is the subject not her entire rose garden. Many people make the mistake of losing their subjects in the background.

4) Steady Now

It doesn’t take much camera shake to create blur, in fact it takes so little that you will likely not even notice the movement. For sharp photographs, keep your elbows down, feet apart and hold the camera steady while pressing (not punching) the shutter release. Continue holding still until the light indicates the camera has finished taking the picture. When you are taking a photo that needs a slower than usual shutter speed, like a fireworks display, use a tripod to steady the camera. You can even use a bunched up coat on a wall with a remote shutter release. A good rule of thumb: use a camera support for shutter speeds slower than 1/60.

5) Share Your Creations

If your photos are digital, use a photo editor to bring copies (save originals) of your photos down to the appropriate size for your website, email, photo album or picture frame. You should use photo paper that is compatible with your printer model for best results. If you’re using a film camera but want photos for email or a website, use a quality scanner or when dropping off film to be developed, request a CD. 

Frame your best photographs for hanging on your walls or displaying on a table. A framed photograph also makes a very welcome gift, especially when the subject is a portrait. Remember a portrait can be of a single person, family, multiple friends or a beloved pet…the portrait can be of anyone and can make a lovely framed gift.

By using these five basic tips you’ll help expand your photography knowledge so you can start taking even better and more professional looking pictures.

There are lots of great reasons why you should loearn how to take family portraits and you don’t even have to embark on a photography career to do so. Having portraits taken professionally can sometimes be too expensive for many families. And sometimes, it can be impossible to get everyone to the studio at the appointed time.

Every family deserves to have at least one nice portrait together and as a family grows and ages, it’s nice to have additional portraits done too. If you want to learn how to take portraits, learn by taking a portrait of your family or someone you know who would love to have a family portrait! If you are taking a portrait of your own family, make sure to be in it too! So be sure to use a camera with a timer or remote shutter button release.

If you new to photography, learning how to take good family portraits will come in handy when taking group pictures at family gatherings like Thanksgiving.

Without further ado, here are some tips to help you get started taking memorable family portraits, whether formal or informal.

1) Avoid the “Police Line Up” Portrait – Instead of having them all line up shoulder to shoulder, try something more natural looking and that also makes it easier to get a big family into the picture.

Staggering is one such technique. For example, you may want to stagger family members on the front steps of a porch or around a group of boulders so some family members are standing and others sitting. If in a park, you could sit everyone on the lawn clustered together or have them sit on a bench. Show family closeness by spacing members close together.

2) Show Relationships – You can do this by the way in which you have people pose in the portrait. For example, Grandma and Grandpa might stand next to each, a toddler could be in Mother’s arms, two siblings might have arms slung over each others shoulders, etc.

3) Consider Including the Family Pets – assuming they hold still long enough. Even if the pet is sitting still, you probably should raise the Shutter Speed Priority to 1/125 because even the smallest movement can cause a blur. It is always easier to take an individual portrait of a someone with their pet (or even a pet separately), but if the family has a mellow dog or cat, try to take some poses with and without the family pet.

4) Get Creative with Props – depending on the type of portrait you want. Does the family play community baseball? Each family member could hold a mitt, ball or bat. This is popular for individual portraiture that works well for family portraits too.

5) Get Everyone Smiling – Instead of just saying “cheese,” put the family at ease (no rhyme intended) by talking to them: compliment, tell a story joke around, and soon they won’t be so nervous about the photographing and their smiles will become more relaxed and real. When you’ve got the smiles and pose, ask the family to hold them until you give the signal that your camera’s got the shot.

Finally, make it fun and take lots of shots, so the family can choose the best. You’re sure to get some great shots where the family will be excited to frame them for all to see.

Aperture and other technical photography basics can induce yawns in the most eager of budding shutterbugs, but once these basics are understood, the rest of photography easily comes into focus. Aperture, shutter speed and ISO are all terms good to know, whether you have a point-and-shoot or professional camera. This article explains aperture and provides tips for using it to create better photographs to frame on your wall.

To better understand aperture, think about how the irises of your eyes get bigger and smaller to allow more or less light into the pupil. Like your irises, the camera’s lens diaphragm widens and narrows to let in more or less light. Thus, the aperture dictates the exposure (the darkness or brightness) of the photo. The aperture also has another important purpose which we’ll look at in a second.

“Aperture” refers to the size of the camera’s lens diaphragm and is measured in F stops. The smaller the F stop, the wider the aperture. This is why it can be confusing. Actually the F stop numbers are ratios, which is why the bigger the F Stop number, the smaller the size of the aperture.

Besides controlling light, aperture controls depth of field. To better understand this concept, make a fist and hold it in front of your eye. Now slowly open your hand. See how the focus changes? Sure you can see more through the bigger opening, but when the opening in your fist is small everything is in focus? Try it again and see how when you open your fist, the object closest to you will come into focus while objects further away will be fuzzy. This is how aperture determines depth of field or how much of a picture is in focus.

If you are shooting in Auto Focus (AF), the camera will attempt to focus on what it perceives to be the main subject of the photograph, but the results may not be what you want.

For this reason, many cameras have an Aperture Priority setting. This allows you to set the aperture and then it automatically adjusts the shutter speed to compensate for the larger or smaller aperture. For example, if you set the aperture for a landscape, it narrows it and therefore lets in less light. The camera would automatically lengthen the time the shutter stays open so that your photo isn’t underexposed (too dark). Aperture Priority isn’t exact, but this is how it usually works.

Now if you have an SLR and are taking pictures in manual mode, you can adjust the shutter speeds and aperture separately.

Most will have a camera with preset modes such as landscape, sports or portrait.
When the mode is set to landscape, the aperture automatically narrows to bring everything into focus. At the same time, the shutter speed automatically slows down, leaving the shutter open longer to offset the smaller amount of light coming through the lens diaphragm.

When you switch to portrait mode and focus on a person in front of you with the landscape in the background, the camera will bring your subject into focus, making the person stand out more than the landscape. And it will speed up the shutter speed so the picture isn’t overexposed by the additional light allowed in with the larger aperture.

Remember: the smaller the aperture, the greater the F stop number (because it represents a ratio not a whole number) and the greater the depth of field.

Understanding photography basics like aperture is not only important for those using manual settings or Aperture Priority, it also helps those using preset modes. Here are three preset modes you should better understand:

• Portrait: How much the background blurs when using this mode depends on your camera and the distance between your subject and background – a minimum of 10 feet works best. This mode can be used for any subject that you want to bring into focus, while taking the background out of focus, not just people and pets.
• Landscape:(called “Infinity” on some cameras): This is the mode depicted by the mountain peak or figure 8. You can use this for any picture where you want everything in focus like landscapes, cityscapes or a picture of your garden.
• Macro: This mode, often depicted by a tulip opens the camera’s aperture extra wide so you can take super close ups. Depending on your camera, you’ll be able to get anywhere within an inch to a foot of your subject. When preparing to take pictures outdoors of things like flowers, keep in mind that due to the slower shutter speed, even the tiniest movement of a petal can cause blur. Also remember to focus on the part of the subject that you want most in focus, whether it be a butterfly’s wing or a caterpillar’s eyes.

Just applying this knowledge can help you take some beautiful photos that you’ll be proud to display in your home.

If you’re considering turning to photography as a hobby, you should think about learning more so that you’ll enjoy it more. Photography is not something that you can just do overnight. This hobby requires that you learn something before you can really get going.

To start with, there are techniques that you need to become acquainted with in order to get great pictures. Then you should also learn about about the different types of photographic equipment. That is of equal importance.

If you want to make more of photography as a hobby, the best way to start out is by picking digital photography. Why? Because it’s currently the easiest way to achieving good results. With digital photography, you are no longer limited by the rolls of film that need to be carried.

Digital photography provides a “film-less” way for amateur photographers to continue on their hobby until their camera’s memory card fills up. Today’s memory cards can save hundreds of high resolution photos (compared to a roll of film’s 36 exposures).

Digital photography also allows hobbyists a way to cost-effectively learn about photography in general. The majority of digital cameras are fairly easy to use. They provide easy ways for first time photographers to learn the ropes bit by bit.

In digital photography, mistakes are not as costly since most digital cameras allow you to take a huge number of photos without having to use expensive film. Also, with digital cameras, it is easier to get prints from your photos. All you will need is a PC and a printer in order to get prints. It may even be easier for you to send copies online anywhere around the world.

If you would like to discover more about photography, there are several digital photography courses now available that would really help. Out of these courses, you would learn more about the techniques of digital photography, both as a hobby and even as a profession. One of the basic techniques that you will be taught is how to properly shoot pictures by using the digital camera.

You can also be taught how best to use your digital camera given certain lighting conditions and weather. This will greatly improve your shots that you will take, now that you have a pretty good idea on how each photo can be set in ideal conditions.

Digital photography can be an amazing hobby as not only will you become proficient in how to take stunning photographs but you’ll also learn that the world looks more vivid through a true photographic eye.